5/18/2023 0 Comments Debit credit asset liability![]() Geijsbeek the translator suggests in the preface: for debtor.) The words actually used by Pacioli for the left and right sides of the Ledger are "in dare" and "in havere" ( give and receive). as an abbreviation for the English word "debtor." (Sherman could not locate a first edition, but speculates that it too used Dr. Sherman goes on to say that the earliest text he found that actually uses "Dr." as an abbreviation in this context was an English text, the third edition (1633) of Ralph Handson's book Analysis or Resolution of Merchant Accompts and that Handson uses Dr. However, Sherman casts doubt on this idea because Pacioli uses Per (Italian for "by") for the debtor and A (Italian for "to") for the creditor in the Journal entries. Under this theory, the abbreviations Dr (for debit) and Cr (for credit) derive directly from the original Latin. When his work was translated, the Latin words debere and credere became the English debit and credit. At the time negative numbers were not in use. Assets were owed to the owner and the owners' equity was entrusted to the company. It is sometimes said that, in its original Latin, Pacioli's Summa used the Latin words debere (to owe) and credere (to entrust) to describe the two sides of a closed accounting transaction. Indian merchants had developed a double-entry bookkeeping system, called bahi-khata, predating Pacioli's work by at least many centuries, and which was likely a direct precursor of the European adaptation. This system is still the fundamental system in use by modern bookkeepers. Pacioli devoted one section of his book to documenting and describing the double-entry bookkeeping system in use during the Renaissance by Venetian merchants, traders and bankers. The first known recorded use of the terms is Venetian Luca Pacioli's 1494 work, Summa de Arithmetica, Geometria, Proportioni et Proportionalita ( All about Arithmetic, Geometry, Proportions and Proportionality). In some systems, negative balances are highlighted in red type. When a particular account has a normal balance, it is reported as a positive number, while a negative balance indicates an abnormal situation, as when a bank account is overdrawn. ![]() When the total of debits in an account exceeds the total of credits, the account is said to have a net debit balance equal to the difference when the opposite is true, it has a net credit balance.ĭebit balances are normal for asset and expense accounts, and credit balances are normal for liability, equity and revenue accounts. Despite the use of a minus sign, debits and credits do not correspond directly to positive and negative numbers. Only one subtraction is needed, simplifying calculations before the availability of computers.Īlternately, debits and credits can be listed in one column, indicating debits with the suffix "Dr" or writing them plain, and indicating credits with the suffix "Cr" or a minus sign. The account balance is calculated by subtracting the smaller total from the larger total. First the debit column is totaled, then the credit column is totaled. The use of separate columns simplifies calculation of the balance for the account. Similarly, the landlord would enter a credit in the rent income account associated with the tenant and a debit for the bank account where the cheque is deposited.ĭebits and credits are traditionally distinguished by writing the transfer amounts in separate columns of an account book. For example, a tenant who writes a rent cheque to a landlord would enter a credit for the bank account on which the cheque is drawn, and a debit in a rent expense account. Each transaction transfers value from credited accounts to debited accounts. ![]() A debit entry in an account represents a transfer of value to that account, and a credit entry represents a transfer from the account. Debits and credits in double-entry bookkeeping are entries made in account ledgers to record changes in value resulting from business transactions.
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5/18/2023 0 Comments Paste to file rOr, you may decide that you only wish to read in part of a data set. Sometimes a plain-text file will come with introductory text that is not part of the data set. Since entries in the data set mentioned earlier are separated with a comma, this file would be a comma-separated-values file and would usually be saved with the extension. txt (for text), but sometimes a file will receive a special extension that advertises how it separates data-cell entries. Within each cell, data appears as you’d expect to see it, as words and numbers.Īll plain-text files can be saved with the extension. Each file only uses one method of separating cells, which minimizes confusion. Often cells are separated by a comma, but they can also be separated by a tab, a pipe delimiter (i.e., | ), or any other character. Each row of the table is saved on its own line, and a simple convention is used to separate the cells within a row. Here’s how the royal flush data set from R Objects would appear as a plain-text file (I’ve added a value column): "card", "suit", "value"Ī plain-text file stores a table of data in a text document. For example, the Census Bureau, the Social Security Administration, and the Bureau of Labor Statistics all make their data available as plain-text files. For this reason, public data often comes as plain-text files. They are very simple and can be read by many different computer programs-even the most basic text editors. Plain-text files are one of the most common ways to save data. How you open files in your working directory will depend on which type of file you would like to open. If you see the file that you would like to open in your working directory, then you are ready to proceed. You can see what files are in your working directory with list.files(). If you start R from a UNIX command line (as on Linux machines), the working directory will be whichever directory you were in when you called R. The Windows and Mac GUIs have similar options. You can also change your working directory by clicking on Session > Set Working Directory > Choose Directory in the RStudio menu bar. ![]() If the file path does not begin with your root directory, R will assume that it begins at your current working directory. For example: setwd( "~/Users/garrettgrolemund/Documents/Book_Project") That way I can keep all of my data, scripts, graphs, and reports in the same place. I prefer to set my working directory to a folder dedicated to whichever project I am currently working on. Just give setwd the file path to your new working directory. You can move your working directory to any folder on your computer with the function setwd. You can place data files straight into the folder that is your working directory, or you can move your working directory to where your data files are. To determine which directory R is using as your working directory, run: getwd() The location of your working directory will vary on different computers. ![]() This is where R will look for files when you attempt to load them, and it is where R will save files when you save them. ![]() Each time you open R, it links itself to a directory on your computer, which R calls the working directory. 5/18/2023 0 Comments Email archiver pro trial![]() Note: SAML SSO does not replace the normal sign-in process for GitHub. For more information, see " About authentication with SAML single sign-on." After successful authentication, your IdP redirects the member back to GitHub. When a member accesses most resources within your organization, GitHub redirects the member to your IdP to authenticate. If you configure SAML SSO, members of your organization will continue to sign into their personal accounts on. You do not need to provide a payment method during the trial. At the end of the trial, you can choose a different number of seats, up to 1,000. ![]() If you need more seats to evaluate GitHub Enterprise Cloud, contact GitHub's Sales team. Organizations created during the trial cannot be removed from the enterprise account until after you purchase GitHub Enterprise. To reapply a coupon, contact GitHub's Sales team. For existing organizations, billing is paused during the trial and any coupons are removed. For more information, see " Types of GitHub accounts."ĭuring the trial, you can add any number of new and existing organizations to your enterprise. Your trial includes an enterprise account, which allows you to manage multiple organizations. You can set up a 30-day trial to evaluate GitHub Enterprise Cloud. For more information, see " GitHub’s products." About trials of GitHub Enterprise Cloud If your organization has 11 or fewer developers, consider GitHub Team organizations with 12 or more developers typically benefit the most from GitHub Enterprise. If you're not sure whether GitHub Enterprise Cloud, GitHub Enterprise Server, or both are best for your organization, contact GitHub's Sales team. For more information, see " Setting up a trial of GitHub Enterprise Server." Trials are also available for GitHub Enterprise Server. For a detailed list of the features available with GitHub Enterprise Cloud, see our Pricing page. You can set up a trial to evaluate the additional features that come with GitHub Enterprise Cloud, such as SAML single sign-on (SSO), internal repositories, audit log streaming, and included GitHub Actions minutes. For more information, see " About GitHub Enterprise Cloud." GitHub Enterprise Cloud is designed for large businesses or teams who collaborate on. Try GitHub Enterprise Cloud for free About GitHub Enterprise Cloud 5/18/2023 0 Comments Mapublisher student license![]() Maple is required to create new documents and applications. Students do not require their own copy of Maple to interact with these Maple documents. Through MapleCloud, instructors can create interactive Maple documents and then make them available to their students for use in a web browser or in the free Maple Player. ![]() For students whose instructors are members of the Maplesoft Adoption Program, even greater discounts are available. Fully functional software is available to students at a greatly reduced student price. Students can purchase Maplesoft products directly from the Maplesoft web store or your campus bookstore. This option makes it easy to recoup costs from the students, if desired, since this method of distribution can be integrated with your existing cost recovery or fee collection programs. You can purchase rights to redistribute Maplesoft products to your students directly. Maplesoft’s flexible licensing can accommodate whichever virtualization method you choose. With a purchase of Virtualization, students can access Maplesoft software through a campus cloud, from their own computers, through flexible license key sharing using Citrix® software or similar systems, and more. Not only can you provide direct access to Maplesoft software on campus computers, but you can also ensure that students have easy access to the same software by taking advantage of one of the options below. Maplesoft offers a wide range of flexible student licensing options to suit your institution’s budget, infrastructure, and policies. There are many ways to get Maple to your students. 5/17/2023 0 Comments Death road to canada speedrun![]() Appropriately enough, the first game Jon plays is Wayne's World, in which he fights musical instruments, leading to the rare sentences "Damn offscreen bagpipes!" and "These kamikaze kazoos are causing problems!".Chat jokes ensue about Bagel's musical tastes. After Bagel repeatedly tried to sabotage Jon's previous stream by chewing at cables, in this one five seconds into the stream he turns up, jumps on Jon's keyboard, and starts iTunes.From "Fortune Cookie: Severe Lack of Football Games Edition":.Jon plays a Dragon Ball Z fighting game and is on his A-game when it comes to snarking over the cutscenes, including describing Goku's goal as "to fight space" and deliberately misunderstanding the positioning of the speech bubbles to suggest that Goku's shoulders or another body part are speaking.Bomberman Act Zero features again for the first time in a while, and although they don't get eight people in a room for once, all the old running gags return with a vengeance as BAZ beats Halo 5 in Twitch views and Dan chokes as always.The game eventually gives him the prompt to hold B to kill himself, which doesn't work because he's already reached the goal. While playing Ultimate Chicken Horse online, Jon somehow manages to glitch the game by reaching the goal before the other players even place their pieces.After getting yelled at by chat for his pronunciations, Jon yells "Fuck off" at chat and the stream proceeds to crash almost immediately.Jon plays Panzermadels: Tank Dating Simulator, leading to many interesting quotes like "Have you ever been inside a tank?".The rest of the in-car crew are depicted as Eggman with long red hair (Lucah, herself a redhead), Kirby (Mal), and Roy (Tom, whose glasses and goatee carried over), while Jon's fellow co-comms (sans the aforementioned Tom, who as he says is already in the in-game group) appear as Link (Mitch) and Shantae with a Luigi hat (Ryan, who has the same hat in real life). The animation, sharing the in-game event title "Mystery of the Ghost Fart", depicts Jon, Emile, and an already-dead Tim (who fell in an earlier siege) as their respective Mario mains of Waluigi, Donkey Kong, and Yoshi respectively.Jesus, that was some rancid ass fart, holy shit Tom. Jon: Emile's morale somehow fell to shit, Lucah's went down man everyone went down a lot. Beads of nervous sweat roll down Tom Fawkes's face, yet nothing can be proven. Jon: It's true, you're not a blame option. Tom: Well here's the thing, apparantly i can't be blamed for this. Do we blame one of those three or does Tom just yell at everyone? Jon: It's just another day on the Death Road 'till someone FARTS IN THE CAR! Drama and mystery consume the team, pick someone to blame. 5/17/2023 0 Comments Obs ishowu audioFirst on OBS where you see the sources box, click on the + sign and you will see a list, you want the one right at the top which says audio input capture click on it and you will get a window like this.Ĭlick on it and another window will open, you want to change the drop down list to ishowu audio capture and click ok. So now what we must do is tell the MAC where the mic is so we need to open two channels. Ok at this point you want to go to your OBS and look at your mic level, you will see a mic level, but this will not work when you hit that start streaming button, because you have told the computer to source the sound through ishowu, so your computer is looking for that. ![]() Then we want to go to audio first on the left hand side of the screen, then you will see lots of different options, the only one you want to change is where it says Mix/Auxiliary Audio Device and change it to ishowu audio capture. We only use the mic controls in OBS more about that later. Once your obs is set up and running we want to set up the audio in it, this is very easy because the key thing with macs is we dont change any settings in obs once done, we leave it alone. When opened go to Multi Channel Output Device then you want to select ishowu audio capture and you want to select built in output, and you want to select your headphones this is where your external audio is coming from so your listeners can hear so you must select it.Īlso be sure on built in output and your headphones you select drift correction. Once installed go to apps - Utilities- Audio Midi Setup.Install the download, then go to finder, downloads and open the file and install it to your mac. The link will open a page that looks like this. Download and install a programme called ishowu audio capture.This is after you have downloaded the obs platform. It will also cause sound distortion and all manner of crazy things. Mac mics are way too sensitive to be used, so if you type the listener will hear you typing as if you were in the same room as them. Ok now there is the first big clue you need a headset, don't rely on your internal mic for broadcasting. OBS on mac does not recognise a secondary sound source for playing external audio apart from your mic, so we need to install the software to enable you to play out this. I have tested this and you will also hear all audio too. Ok I am going to give you a step by step guide of what you need to do if you want to play any video's or chat with someone on the OBS platform for listeners to hear on the twitch tv platform. Enjoy your completed recording and share it on any platform.I have had much demand for this post which will also I have been told will come in handy for future reference. You can also modify the file size to ensure you have enough space to save the completed file. You can do so by hitting Export, and you can choose MP3 to isolate audio. ![]() For external audio, leave Microphone active and disable System Audio.īegin recording your video or isolated audio track by pressing REC.Įdit the recording once completed by using the Scissors and Trash Can features, which allow you to quickly trim audio and video clips.įinally, convert the file to the format of your choice and save it to your computer. To record internal audio, deactivate the buttons for Webcam and Microphone to isolate System Audio. Open the app and adjust capture parameters by clicking on the recording option via the sidebar. Regardless, simply follow these steps to record any type of audio:ĭownload and install Movavi Video Suite for free from the Movavi website. This software allows you to record audio alone or with screen capture. ![]() If you want to record either internal or external audio on your Mac, you can easily do so using Movavi Video Suite. How do I record internal and external audio on Mac? Users often provide honest, unbiased views on the quality of software and apps, letting you get a clear view of which software you can really trust. User reviews – Read through some user reviews and check the average ratings of each app. Some recorders can be quite simple, but others are more advanced, with many more features that make them more versatile, like the ability to isolate audio, editing features, multi-track capabilities, and so on. This is particularly important to keep in mind if you're a beginner or don't want to use too much time learning how to use the software itself.įeatures – Check out the list of features offered by each recorder tool. If you're not sure which app is right for you, consider the following factors to help you choose the best audio recorder for Mac to meet your needs.Įase of use – The best audio recorders for Mac are easy to use, without any unnecessary complications or complexities. ![]() Hopefully, this guide has helped you find the perfect audio recorder tool for recording internal audio on your Mac. 5/17/2023 0 Comments Multiledger checkmark![]() ![]() However, it’s important to also consider the cost of benefits and taxes that will be deducted from the employee’s gross pay to arrive at their net pay.Īs an employer, it’s your responsibility to accurately calculate and withhold taxes and other deductions from your employee’s gross pay to ensure that they receive the correct amount of net pay. When offering a job or negotiating a salary, it’s common to discuss gross pay, as this reflects the total compensation package an employee will receive. The net pay is the amount they take home after those deductions have been made. The gross pay is the total amount of money an employee earns before any deductions are taken out. 6 Common Mistakes in Gross Pay vs Net Pay CalculationsĪs an employer, it’s important to understand the difference between gross pay and net pay to effectively manage payroll, offers competitive compensation packages, and comply with tax laws and regulations.How to calculate net pay for salaried employees.How to calculate net pay for hourly employees.How to calculate gross pay for salaried employees.How to calculate gross pay for hourly employees.Difference between Gross Pay vs Net Pay. 5/17/2023 0 Comments Speech to text word![]() You remain authenticated for as long as you keep the connection open. After you establish a connection, you can keep it alive indefinitely. You pass an access token only to establish an authenticated connection. You must establish the connection before the access token expires. If a preferred celebrity or other talent reflects your brand best and you want to be able to use their voice anytime you need it, ReadSpeaker can create a custom TTS voice powered by our leading-edge speech engine, to give your brand instant recognition in the voice user interface.Pass a valid access token to establish an authenticated connection with the service. A custom voice sets your brand apart and creates a powerful bond with your customers across your various communication touchpoints. If your strategy is to offer an exclusive customer experience and you want to take your brand appeal to a new level, one of the most powerful ways to differentiate yourself is by using a custom voice to represent you. This makes developing new, smart ReadSpeaker TTS voices with even more lifelike, expressive speech and customizable intonation faster than ever. Also, the resulting speech is generally smoother and even more human-like. Only a few hours of recorded speech are needed for a neural voice, compared to at least three times as many for a good quality USS voice. ![]() One of the advantages of the new DNN TTS method is that the acoustic database can be much smaller than for a USS voice. An iterative learning process minimises objectively measurable differences between the predicted acoustic features and the observed acoustic features in the training set. This revolutionary method involves mapping linguistic properties to acoustic features using Deep Neural Networks (DNNs). In parallel, ReadSpeaker creates so-called neural voices, using techniques based on deep learning AI technology. Through a system of high-quality feedback and a thorough Quality Assurance process by mother-tongue experts, imperfections are continuously corrected. One of ReadSpeaker’s unique characteristics is our ongoing improvement process. This is how a new ReadSpeaker TTS voice persona is born. The resulting database is used by the ReadSpeaker TTS engine to convert text into speech spoken by the TTS voice: segments (units) of speech are selected and ‘glued’ together in such a way that high-quality synthetic speech is produced. Our state-of-the-art methodologies are augmented by the linguistic expertise of our team. The technical team works its magic on this process – using a powerful combination of Artificial Intelligence and machine learning technologies on big amounts of data to optimize annotations. To create a USS voice, the audio resulting from recording the voice talent is segmented into smaller units, such as sentences, words, syllables, phonemes (speech sounds such as individual vowel and consonant sounds).Ī rich mark-up is added to this database of speech units, which is to say information is added to the units about the stress (did the unit come from a stressed or from an unstressed syllable?), the position in the word or sentence, etc. These voices are still used in most of our SaaS solutions, such as webReader and docReader. ![]() Until about 2019, all our high quality voices were made using a technology called Unit Selection Synthesis (USS). The team closely monitors the recording process to check for consistency in pronunciation, accentuation, and style. A diverse script is used for the recordings, designed to contain all the sound patterns of the language in development. Once a voice talent has been selected, she or he works with our voice development team for several days or weeks, depending on the type of voice, or the voice technology, we want to use. To create our speech personas, we select and record professional voice talents. Our commitment to providing outstanding TTS solutions is made possible by our uncompromising production process, designed to guarantee the quality levels that have earned ReadSpeaker TTS the trust of customers from across countries and markets. ![]() The enthusiastic feedback we receive from our customers confirms that we deliver the very best TTS solutions for successful online, offline, embedded, and server-based applications around the world. In fact, expert third party industry observers rate the US English ReadSpeaker TTS voice as being the most accurate on the market. At ReadSpeaker, we have a passion for developing high-quality TTS voices. 5/17/2023 0 Comments Update r in rstudioThis is the instructions for Mac OS user (who used solution 1 or 3 above). How to move the previously installed R packages You can find in-depth tutorial on how to use updateR package on this blog. UpdateR(admin_password = 'Admin user password') Install_github('andreacirilloac/updateR') The R code you will need is these 5 lines: (credit goes to jroberayalas for the code) install.packages('devtools') #assuming it is not already installed Similar to installr, updateR is the package to help updating R on Mac OS. You can find the tutorial on how to use installr to update RStudio on R-Statistics website. The R code you will need for updating R is: (credit goes to Cara Wogsland for the code) install.packages("installr") Installr is the R package which helps install and update software. The new R version appear right after I install R and restart RStudio Solution 2) Windows only – use installr The new R version will be loaded automatically. The first method is to download a new version of R from R website > CRAN. 3 Solutions to update R on RStudio Solution 1) Manually install Note that we need to move the install R packages, which I will show how at the end. Here are 3 ways you can update R version in RStudio. ![]() So it is required extra procedures to move the packages. After you install the new version, the previously installed packages will not go to next version. RStudio and R cannot update on their own because some packages may not work after switching to the new version (You can still downgrade R version in RStudio if something went wrong though). So I explore some ways to update R and would like to share with someone who is also looking to update R on RStudio. Today I just noticed I cannot install new R packages because of my old R version. I installed RStudio and R a year ago, and never update it since then. When was the last time you update your R and RStudio? 5/17/2023 0 Comments Gtasks pro desktop crashesBY that, I mean they will send the automated email and close the ticket - because from their perspective it is done. I am not one of those rockstar haters, but have enough experience with their "support" to know it won't be fun - and won't result in anything real. Also I am sure that email will have a link to their old page that talks about troubleshooting crashes and recommends re-installing directx - which you can't do on windows 10! And if it does I will file bugs with both nvidia and rockstar.Īlthough I cringe at the thought of opening another R* ticket, because when they send me their auto generated email with the link on how to open ports on my firewall, I am certainly going to loose my proverbial sh&*. I will report back after enough time has passed to say whether this helps or not. I have rolled both these systems back to NVidia's latest "Studio" driver - which is 431.86. ![]() What I am leaning towards is that the game and the latest NVidia drivers just don't play well together. But it never happened with such frequency as I am seeing now - which is fine one day then crash 10 minutes into a session the next day. Did the game crash once in a blue moon before? Sure. Also, one of those systems is mine and I never had these CTDs on that system until I resumed playing after the Casino release. There is nothing about either of these systems that should create instability, and neither system has any issues with any app other than GTA5.exe. I too am seeing this, and it is on more than one system and more than one rockstar accounts. SAME PROBLEM IT'S SO ANNOYING KEEPS CRASHING But there are so many players out there with crasing issues and no puplic reports? Oddly enough, there is nothing in the public to read about this issue. Sometimes after some minutes, sometimes after some hours, sometimes even in the Pre-Lobby, sometimes during the game is launching, sometimes not at all.Īfter a crash after some minutes, I try something and the game is running for hours, but than.Boom, Crash. Their games keeps crashing randomly all the time. I've heard many reports from friends and other guys they know them. ![]() * Localised: Grand Theft Auto V wurde unerwartet beendet. ![]() * Category: 5 (ERROR_CATEGORY_EXIT_CODE) |